Mindoro, the smallest faunal region in the Philippines houses one-third of the country's native fauna and undetermined number of species of flora, is recognized worldwide for its high level of endemism. However, it is also identified as one of the ten highly critical sites for conservation in the world. Among areas that call for conservation is Pola River, one of the important natural resources in the province. Pola River extends to 6 towns including Pola, Socorro, Pinamalayan, Gloria, Victoria of Oriental Mindoro and a part of Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro. However, this river and its biodiversity are threatened by rampant and excessive sand and gravel extraction most commonly called as quarrying.
What does quarrying do to the river?
Quarrying causes:Riverbank collapse. Banks located in Pola River covered by barangays Calucmoy (Socorro), Inclanay (Pinamalayan), Sta. Maria, Sitio Santol (Pinamalayan) have been reported for the past years.
Change in river course. Due to continuous digging even beyond the buffer zones, the routes of river widens, floods come frequently and the river course changes. In the photo below, the left side is the old route, the center used to be a banana plantation and it current route used to be coconut plantation.
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i1216.photobucket.com/albums/d… Soil erosion. Water siltation and sedimentation. When the river banks collapse, the soil falls into the water causing siltation, a mixture of water and soil/mud with the level of mud higher than its tolerable amount in the water, and when these particles settle in the riverbed, plants, mosses, planktons are covered and eventually dies, therefore, aquatic animals will have less food to eat.
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i1216.photobucket.com/albums/d… Widening of river channels. When soils erode, the area covered by the river widens making the river closer to the community and the water level decrease. This also poses more danger to the community living along the river during rainy seasons and periodic floods.
Wildlife demise. When quarrying operations start in a river, the continuous stirring of riverbed and the excessive extraction of sand and gravel cause decrease in the population of many aquatic flora and fauna inhabiting the river. How? During the extraction process, the eggs of these organisms and the plants on the area of extraction are destroyed; therefore, the potential next generation of aquatic flora and fauna dies. Because of excessive quarrying, the river has a high probability of dying which means habitat destruction, and its respective set of species also dies. And nature's balance is again tampered by human beings.
Urbanization cannot be avoided in any way. Infrastructure development is one inevitable part of a country's economic growth. And quarrying is allowed by the government. However, like any other things, it has its wicked side. And some quarrying processes just don't and won't fit the frame. At all.
The sand and gravel quarrying in Pola River is supposed to be doing manual extraction, meaning the usual shovel-wheelbarrow process as what it said in its contract (ECC). For several years and maybe even since it started, the private enterprise quarrying the river uses MECHANIZED EXTRACTION and obviously gets a whole lot more than what it declared. The sad part is that people from this barangay (my own home) is covering up for this fraud because of money and job.
I just hope this paradise will be saved. Someday. Somehow.